Hair diseases and hair loss can occur due to a variety of
factors, including genetics, hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies,
stress, medications, infections, and underlying medical conditions. Hair growth
is a continuous biological process in which each follicle passes through
different stages of growth and rest.
Hair Growth Cycle
Each hair follicle normally passes through three main
phases:
1. Anagen Phase:
This is the active growth phase. Scalp hair can remain in the anagen phase for
several years, and the duration of this phase largely determines how long the
hair can grow. Hair generally grows at approximately 1 cm per month.
2. Catagen Phase:
This is a short transitional phase in which active hair growth stops and the
follicle begins to shrink. It generally lasts for a few weeks.
3. Telogen Phase:
This is the resting phase, which generally lasts around 2–4 months. At the end
of this phase, the old hair is shed and a new growth cycle begins.
Common hair disorders include excessive hair shedding,
dandruff, alopecia areata, male or female pattern hair loss, scalp infections,
and other conditions affecting the hair follicle. Persistent or sudden hair
loss should be evaluated by a qualified dermatologist to determine the
underlying cause and appropriate treatment.
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